The onset of hearing loss typically happens gradually over time, however sometimes it can happen suddenly. This could be the result of wax in the ears or a fluid buildup behind the eardrum. However, hearing loss that happens suddenly should always be treated as an emergency because another type sudden onset hearing loss can be permanent.
What is Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss? A rapid loss of hearing, typically occurring in one ear, with no obvious cause. It may happen in an instant such as a few seconds of gradually over the course of a day. Sudden hearing loss is a medical emergency. Although many people experiencing sudden deafness recover, rapid treatment is crucial.
What are the signs and symptoms
– Reduced hearing after experiencing a loud/startling sound in one ear.
– Noticeable change in hearing when waking up
– Sudden difficulty when talking on the phone in one ear
– People appear to be speaking much softer or whispering
– May be accompanied by dizziness, tinnitus (ringing/buzzing) in the ear, and fullness in the ear.
How is it diagnosed?
– An otoscopic exam will be performed by a medical professional to rule out a blockage in the ear such as wax in the ear canal or fluid behind the ear drum. A hearing test would then be performed to determine the severity and type of hearing loss.
How is it treated?
– The most common treatment for a true sudden hearing loss is steroids, either a course of oral administration, or injections directly into the ear. The faster the treatment is started, the better chance there is of recovering some or most of the hearing.
What are some possible causes?
– About 85%-90% of the time, the cause is unknown
– The other 10%-15% may have causes such as
o Head trauma
o Auto-immune diseases
o Ototoxic medications (medicines that damage the inner ear)
o Acoustic neuroma (tumor on the hearing nerve)
o Neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis
o As a result of a stroke or meningitis
Any time a rapid onset of hearing loss is noted, especially in one ear, it should be treated as an emergency. Seek a primary care physician, ENT, or urgent care to rule out wax/fluid, and begin a course of steroids to help increase the chance of regaining some or most of the hearing.